公共卫生护士的发展历程及启示

The development process and enlightenment of public health nurses

该文梳理了英国、美国、中国的公共卫生护士的发展历程,并从角色起源、核心能力培养、资质认证、执业范畴及场所等方面梳理了公共卫生护士的发展特点。公共卫生护士工作内容包括5个功能模块、17项干预措施,通过强调预防和促进健康行为等来改善公众健康。培养公共卫生护士是满足公众健康需求的重要举措,公共卫生护士的发展亟需政府、学术组织、教育者等多方支持。

This paper reviews the development of public health nurses(PHN) in the United Kingdom,the United States and China,and summarizes the development characteristics of PHN from the aspects of role origin,core competence training,qualification accreditation,practice scope and workplace. PHN improve population health by emphasizing prevention and promotion of health behaviors,and their work contents include 5 functional modules and17 intervention measures. The enlightenment of domestic nursing education is that training PHN is an important measure to meet the needs of public health,and the development of PHN needs the support of the government,academic organizations,educators and so on.