北京市西城区3~6岁儿童乳牙酸蚀症的研究

Dental erosion survey among 3-6 year old children inXicheng district of Beijing

目的调查北京市西城区3~6岁儿童乳牙酸蚀症流行状况,评价儿童饮食习惯、口腔卫生习惯、生活习惯与牙酸蚀症的关系。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法抽取2019年4月至2019年5月北京市西城区4所幼儿园3~6岁儿童550名,进行口腔检查和问卷调查,计算乳牙酸蚀症患病率,并对与牙酸蚀症相关的因素进行单因素和多因素分析。结果儿童乳牙酸蚀症的患病率为25.0%,好发于上颌乳切牙,患病牙面主要是合面和切端,严重程度主要累积牙釉质。不同性别及各年龄段患病率比较差异无统计学意义。单因素分析显示,碳酸饮料、果汁饮料为影响儿童患牙酸蚀症的危险因素。多因素分析显示,果汁饮料为独立危险因素,每周喝1~3次果汁饮料患牙酸蚀症的风险是不喝果汁饮料的3.13倍(95%CI:1.56~6.27)。结论北京市西城区3~6岁儿童牙酸蚀症患病率高于国内其他城市水平。预防儿童乳牙酸蚀症应限制碳酸饮料和果汁饮料的摄入量和频率。

Objective To determine the prevalence of dental erosion in a sample of 3-6 years old children in Xicheng district of Beijing city,and to evaluate the relationship between eating habits,oral hygiene habits,living habits and dental erosion in children.Methods Cluster random sampling was used to select 550 children aged 3-6 years from four kindergartens in Xicheng District,Beijing from April 2019 to May 2019.The examination for dental erosion were examined,then the parents of the study children were asked to complete a short questionnaire.The morbidity of dental erosion was calculated,the related factors were analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariate analysis.Results The prevalence of dental erosion in the sample was 25.0%.Of the total affected teeth,maxillary incisors had the highest proportion.It were always identified on occlusal and incisal surfaces.When the severity of dental erosion was analyzed,loss of enamel only was found in most of these cases.There was no significant difference among the gender and the four age groups.The occurrence of dental erosion was influenced by habits of carbonated drinks and juice consumption.Variables of juice consumption were identified as dental erosion risk factors.The multivariate analysis showed that the risk of"juice taken one to three times a week"was 3.13 times than children have no such habits(95%CI:1.56-6.27).Conclusion The morbidity of dental erosion among children aged 3-6 years old in Xicheng district of Beijing city is higher than the other city.The frequency and the consumption of carbonated drinks and juice should be restricted to prevent dental erosion in preschool children.