缺氧对不同军种、机种飞行人员心率变异性与生理参数的影响

Effects of hypoxia on the heart rate variability and physiological parameters of aviators who were from different armed services and flew different types of aircaft

目的探讨缺氧对不同军种、不同机种飞行人员心率变异性(heart rate variability,HRV)和生理参数的影响。方法记录和分析2016年1月至2019年8月在某疗养中心健康疗养的285名飞行人员3 min缺氧(7.1%)时HRV和生理参数相关指标。结果缺氧后,空军、海军直升机飞行人员频域指标极低频功率(very low frequency,VLF)、总功率(toal power,TP)值明显低于陆航直升机飞行人员,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);海军歼击机飞行人员低频功率(low frequency,LF)/高频功率(high frequency,HF)值明显高于空军歼击机飞行人员(P<0.05)。缺氧后,海军直升机飞行人员VLF值明显低于海军歼击机飞行人员;海军运输机飞行人员低频标准化(low frequency normalized unit,LFNU)值明显低于海军歼击机飞行人员,而高频标准化(high frequency normalized unit,HFNU)值明显高于海军歼击机飞行人员,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。缺氧前,海军直升机飞行人员心率明显高于空军、陆航直升机飞行人员;缺氧后,海军直升机飞行人员心率明显高于陆航直升机飞行人员,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。缺氧后空军直升机飞行人员呼吸频率明显高于歼击机飞行人员,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。海军运输机飞行人员缺氧后呼吸频率明显低于海军歼击机和直升机飞行人员,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。海军歼击机飞行人员缺氧后体表温度明显低于海军运输机和直升机飞行人员,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论不同的飞行环境对飞行人员HRV、生理参数影响存在不同程度差异,对不同的军种飞行人员的飞行训练和健康保障要有针对性。

Objective To investigate the effects of hypoxia on the heart rate variability(HRV)and physiological parameters of aviators who were from different armed services and flew different types of aircraft.Methods The HRV and physiological parameters of 285 aviators who stayed in the Guilin Rehabilitation and Recuperation Center from January 2016 to August 2019 and underwent a 3minute hypoxia(7.1%)were recorded and analyzed.Results After hypoxia,Very low frequency(VLF)and total power(TP)values of the helicopter aviators of the Air Force and the Navy were significantly lower than those of the helicopter aviators of the Army aviators,and statistical significance could be noted when comparisons were made between them(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The low frequency(LF)and high frequency(HF)values of the fighter aviators of the Navy were significantly higher than those of the fighter aviators of the Air Force,also with statistical significance(P<0.05).The VLF value of the Navy helicopter aviators was significantly lower than that of the fighter aviators of the Navy.The low frequency normalized unit(LFNU)value of the transport aviators of the Navy was significantly lower than that of the Navy fighter aviators,and the high frequency normalized unit(HFNU)of the former was obviously higher than that of the latter,also with statistical significance(P<0.05).The heart rate(HR)of the Navy helicopter aviators before hypoxia was obviously higher than that of the Air Force and the Army helicopter aviators,and the heart rate of Navy aviators after hypoxia was markedly higher than that of the Army helicopter aviators,also with statistical significance(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Following hypoxia,the respiratory frequency(RF)of the Air Force helicopter aviators was considerably higher than that of the fighter aviators,also with statistical significance(P<0.05).After hypoxia,the respiration rate(RR)of the Navy transport aviators was significantly lower than that of the Navy fighter and helicopter aviators,and statistical significance could be seen when comparisons were made between them(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The body surface temperature of the Navy fighter aviators after hypoxia was significantly lower than that of the transport and helicopter aviators,also with statistical significance(all P<0.05).Conclusion Different flight environments could exert impact on the values of HRV and physiological parameters to a different extent in flight personnel.Therefore,oriented training strategy should be applied to flight aviators of different armed services concerning flight training and health support.