关于昌邑王、汉废帝、海昏侯刘贺研究的几个问题

Some Questions About the Study of Changyi King,Duo Di of Han Dynasty and Liu He,Marquis of Haihun

《汉书》中的刘贺,劣迹斑斑,出现许多怪异之兆。这是以汉代阴阳五行说强加于其身的丑诋成份。班固的书写受到西汉上层社会对刘贺看法的影响,其负面形象必有矫诬、堆积罪状处,如何走近真实的刘贺,值得商讨。据张敞看望刘贺所说,推算他出生于太始三年,与王吉谏书所说未能吻合,《刘氏族谱》则记载元封二年出生。刘贺赴长安经过济阳为何要求长鸣鸡,买积竹杖,有待考证。张敞奏书中写到刘贺前妻之父为执金吾严延年。《汉书》中也有侍御史严延年,是两人还是同一人,有待考证。本文认为刘贺墓中的一部分珍贵青铜器、乐器、竹简以及车马是从北方带来的,而五铢钱、陶器则有可能在南方制造。孙万世究竟是探子还是被审查交待?兴建海昏国都城以及上缭营的人力与财力来自哪里?海昏县与海昏国的关系如何,溉口在今何处,都是饶有趣味的话题,须要进一步考索。

Liu He in"Hanshu"is very bad and has many weird signs.These are the ugly elements imposed on him by the theory of Yin and Yang and Five Elements in the Han Dynasty.Ban Gu's writing was influenced by the upper class’s views on Liu He in Western Han Dynasty.Its negative image must be somehow false and imposed guilty.How to approach the real Liu He is worth discussing.According to Zhang Chang's visit to Liu He,it is estimated that he was born in the third year of Taishi reign,which does not match what Wang Jijian said.The"Liu Family Tree"records that he was born in the second year of Yuan Feng reign.It remains to be verified why Liu He asked for Changming chicken and bought a bamboo stick at Jiyang in his trip to Chang’an.In Zhang Chang's book,it is written that the father of Liu He's ex-wife is Yan Yannian,chief of the capital guard.There is also Censor Yan Yannian in the"Hanshu".Whether they are two or the same person remains to be verified.This article believes that some of the precious bronzes,musical instruments,bamboo slips,carriages and horses in Liu He’s tomb were brought from the north,while the five baht coins and pottery may have been made in the south.Was Sun Wanshi a spy or was he censored and explained?Where did the human and financial resources for the construction of the Haihu National Capital City and Shangliaoying come from?How is the relationship between Haihun County and Haihun State?Where is Gaikou located today?All these topics are interesting and need further investigations.