考虑碳排放量与数量折扣的闭环供应链网络设计与多目标决策优化研究

Research on the design and optimization of closed-loop supply chain network with consideration of carbon emission and quantity discount

由于闭环供应链网络在环境法规、客户压力等方面都受到关注,故供应商选择在供应链管理中更具挑战性,本文所提闭环供应链网络模型可解决上述问题.其中,供应商会提供数量折扣以激励买家购买更多的产品.模型的目标函数是将经济成本与碳排放量降至最低,最大限度提升客户满意度等参数,并确定出最佳的供应商、采购量、运输方式、技术类型、碳排放量、库存量及工厂间运输流量.本研究基于MATLAB R2010a软件包对测试问题进行模型验证及敏感性分析,结果表明:考虑数量折扣后,可显著降低供应链的总成本.随着碳排放成本的上升,供应链的总成本也会随之上升,随之碳减排率也会不断提升.可知该模型具有有效性与实用性,可为供应链网络设计者提供决策依据,为政府制定碳补贴政策实现减排提供理论依据.

Since the closed-loop supply chain network attracts attention in environmental legislation,customer pressure and other aspects,supplier selection is more challenging in supply chain management.The closed-loop supply chain network model proposed in this paper could solve the above problem.In the model,suppliers will offer quantity discounts to encourage buyers to buy more products.The objective function of the model is to minimize the economic cost and carbon emissions,maximize customer satisfaction,and determine the best supplier,procurement,transportation method,technical type,carbon emissions,inventory,and transportation flow among factories.Based on the MATLAB R2010a software package,this study carries out model validation and sensitivity analysis.The results show that the total cost of the supply chain can be significantly reduced after considering the quantity discounts.With the increase of carbon emission cost,the total cost of the supply chain will also rise and,as a result,the carbon emission reduction rate will constantly increase.It can be seen that the model is effective and practical,which can provide basis of decision for supply chain network designers and provide theoretical basis of formulating carbon subsidy policies for the government to achieve emission reduction.