工业炉窑燃烧过程中节能减排问题的研究进展与发展方向

Research progress and prospect of high efficiency and low emission technology of industrial furnaces combustion

工业炉窑是建材、冶金、化工等流程工业中至关重要的用能装备,也是化石能源消耗和环境污染的主要源头之一。工业炉窑燃料中煤炭占70%,存在着能耗高排放大的问题,需要研发高能效低排放的新技术。对于典型的工业炉窑,其生产过程具有多工艺目标、多品种交叉生产,以及大负荷调节比、宽阈度负荷变化的复杂工艺特点。通过综述在节能管控、富氧燃烧与氧燃料燃烧、分级燃烧和颗粒物脱除等方面的研究进展,提炼出工业炉窑物质流与能量流匹配节能、富氧燃烧及燃烧优化调控、分级燃烧与SNCR脱硝以及微细颗粒物排放与资源化利用等四项共性关键技术。在此基础上,给出了需要进一步研究的技术内容,为我国工业炉窑高能效低排放技术研发与应用提供发展方向与途径的建议。

Industrial furnaces are the important energy-consuming equipments and the main sources of fossil energy consumption and environmental pollution in the process industry, e.g. building materials, metallurgy and chemical industry. Coal shares for 70% in the fuel of industrial furnace, with problems of high energy consumption and emission. It is urgent to develop the key technology for high energy efficiency and low emission. Typical industrial furnace has complex characteristics of mufti-objective, multi products cross-making, large load adjustment ratio and wide threshold load variation. In recent years, the technology of cement kiln has been developed rapidly and the significant progress has been made on the aspects of energy conservation controls, oxygen-enriched combustion and oxy-fuel combustion, staged combustion and particulate matter removal. This article summarized four key technologies in industrial furnaces, e.g. matching energy saving of material flow and energy flow, oxygen-enriched combustion and combustion optimization control, staged combustion and SNCR for denitration, and fine particulate matter emission and utilization. Based on this, the further technologies needed to research are proposed, which suggest the directions and approaches to develop high energy efficiency and low emission industrial furnaces.