基于时空消耗法的共享单车投放规模研究

Scale of Dockless Bike-sharing Based on Time and Space Consumption Method

为探讨城市共享单车的合理投放规模,以有限的城市道路网承载力为约束条件,考虑城市道路总时空资源与非机动车个体出行时空资源消耗量;结合非机动车中共享单车出行分担比例和周转率,构建时空消耗模型,计算宏观性的共享单车投放规模。最后通过对宁波市的实证调查,确定模型中各参数的取值,计算后宁波市二级路网容量水平下的共享单车投放量为18.32万辆。但目前的投放量严重偏高于合理数量,针对该紧迫形势,建议宁波市严格控制共享单车投放量。时空消耗法在共享单车投放规模计算中具有良好的实用性。

The primary objective of this study is to assess a reasonable supply number of dockless bike-sharing(DBS) based on the limited urban road network capacity. A space-time consumption model is developed to measure this reasonable amount of DBS simultaneously. The value of parameters among the model is determined by an empirical survey in Ningbo and literature review as well as experience judgment are discussed. It is found that the volume of level II is 183,200 in Ningbo, but the current supply number is higher than the a reasonable amount. Given this urgent situation, some suggestions regarding controlling supply volume are proposed to promote DBS to reduce resources consumption. The result reveals that the space-time model for assessing the supply volume of DBS is practicable.