农村中老年人群睡眠特征与高血压关联的横断面研究

A cross-sectional study on the association between sleep characteristics and hypertension in middle-aged and elderly rural population

目的通过横断面研究,探讨农村中老年人群睡眠特征与高血压的关联。方法招募丰县12个村资料完整的429例居民进行人口学特征、疾病史和生活行为习惯、睡眠特征等调查,并进行身高、体质量、血压等体格检查。结果总人群高血压患病率为47.6%(204/429),其中43.8%(149/340)睡眠质量较差,18.1%(76/421)睡眠时间不足6 h。多因素分析结果显示,睡眠质量差、主观睡眠质量中等、主观睡眠质量差、入睡时间评分高(3分)、睡眠时间不足6 h者高血压患病风险均增高(P<0.05),OR值分别为1.735、1.761、2.495、2.061、1.980。亚组分析显示,上述关联在女性、>65岁、超重人群中也被发现。此外,超重人群中,睡眠效率<75%者高血压患病风险较睡眠效率≥85%者增加(OR=2.287)。结论应重视老年人群睡眠质量对高血压及高血压病人管理的影响,并结合不同年龄、性别和体质量状态开展个体化干预。

Objective To investigate the relationship between sleeping characteristics and hypertension in the middle-age and elderly rural population by a cross-sectional study.Methods A total of 429 villagers from 12 villages of Feng County were recruited and an epidemiological survey was conducted with questionnaire and physical examinations,including demographic characteristics,history of disease,living habits,sleep characteristics,height,weight,blood pressure and so on.Results The prevalence rate of hypertension in the whole population was 47.6%(204/429),with 43.8%(149/340)presenting with poor sleep quality,18.1%(76/421)presenting with sleep duration less than 6 h.After adjusting for confounding factors,the individuals who presented with poor sleep quality,moderate subjective sleep quality,poor subjective sleep quality,sleep latency score of 3,sleep duration less than 6 h showed a high risk of hypertension(OR=1.735,1.761,2.495,2.061,1.980 respectively).The associations between sleep characteristics and hypertension in the whole study population were also found among females,>65 years,and overweight population.In addition,among overweight population,sleep efficiency<75%was associated with higher risk of hypertexion compared with sleep officiency≥85%(OR=2.287).Conclusions It is necessary to attach importance to the effect of sleep quality on hypertension and the hypertension management among the elderly population,and individualized interventions should be conducted regarding to different age,gender and weight.