代际差异下农户生态耕种行为的影响因素研究——基于江西省2068份问卷

A Study of the Influencing Factors of Farmers Ecological Farming Behavior Under Intergenerational Differences--Based on 2068 Questionnaires in Jiangxi Province

本研究旨在针对人口代际分化日益明显的农村社会现象,探究代际差异对农户生态耕种行为的影响规律,以期为提高农户生态耕种积极性的政策制定提供参考依据.采用层次分析法和OLS回归方法对江西省2068份农户调查数据进行实证分析,得出影响两代农民生态耕种行为的因素存在明显差别的结果;性别、生态耕种认知、信息途径来源都是影响两代农民生态耕种行为的关键,男性的生态耕种行为要优于女性,生态耕种认知、信息途径来源能促进农户的生态耕种行为;上一代农民还受到务农年限、耕种面积、受教育水平的影响,务农年限越短、耕种面积越多、受教育水平越高,其生态耕种采纳度越强.结果表明:上一代农民生态耕种行为的激励手段更多,针对新生代的激励手段同样适用于上一代农民;针对留守妇女在家种地及种地老龄化的现象,应加大对女性及上一代农民的生态耕种行为的激励.

Intergenerational population differentiation is an increasingly obvious social phenomenon in the rural areas of China.In order to provide reference for policy formulation by the government agencies to improve the farmers ecological cultivation enthusiasm,a study was conducted to explore the influence of intergenerational differences on the ecological farming behavior of farmers,in which the methods of AHP and OLS regression were used to empirically analyze the survey data of 2068 farmers in Jiangxi Province.The results showed that there were obvious differences in the factors affecting the ecological farming behavior of the two generations of farmers;gender,ecological farming cognition and information source were the key factors affecting their ecological farming behavior;the male had stronger ecological farming behavior than the female;ecological farming cognitionandinformation source could promote farmers ecological farming behavior;the senior-generation farmerswere also limited by their years of farming,area under cultivation and education level.As a whole,the younger-generation farmers had fewer years of farming,greater cultivation area and higher education level,and thus showed better ecological farming behavior.In conclusion,there are more encouragement means to encourage the ecological farming behaviors of the senior generation,and the encouragement means for the younger generation are equally applicable to the senior-generation farmers.The government should strengthen the incentives for the ecological farming behavior of women and senior-generation farmers.