直升机旋翼结冰后三维桨叶气动特性数值分析

A Numerical Analysis on Aerodynamic Characteristics of Three-Dimensional Iced Rotor

针对直升机旋翼桨叶结冰问题,研究了结冰前后三维旋翼桨叶气动特性。基于多参考系模型建立了旋翼桨叶三维结冰数值模拟方法,对其中空气流场计算、水滴撞击特性计算、结冰生成计算和几何模型重构等步骤进行了介绍。以C-T旋翼为模型,计算分析了结冰对旋翼桨叶气动特性的影响。计算结果表明,结冰后旋翼桨叶升力降低、阻力增加,悬停性能下降明显。结冰破坏了桨叶各个截面原有的气动外形,导致涡的产生,使得截面气动特性恶化。

In accordance with the icing problem of helicopter rotor blade,the aerodynamic characteristics of three-dimensional rotor blade before and after ice-up are studied.Based on the multiple reference frame model,a three-dimensional numerical simulation method of rotor blade icing is established.The air flow field calculation,droplet impact characteristics calculation,ice accretion calculation and geometric model reconstruction are introduced among them.Taking C-T rotor blade as a model,the influence of icing on the aerodynamic characteristics of C-T rotor blade is calculated and analyzed.The results show that the lift of rotor blade decreases,the drag increases,and the hovering performance decreases obviously after ice-up.The ice accretion damage to the original aerodynamic shape of the blade section results in the generation of vortices and the deterioration of aerodynamic characteristics.