制造同意:“后撤点并校”时代的农村择校问题研究——基于西部地区L镇的个案

A Study on Rural School Choice in Post-school Consolidation Period——A Case Study of L Town in Western China

当前中国农村的小学和教学点面临着严峻的生存困境。从实践来看,农村的撤点并校反映了家长对村小的“舍弃”,它是一个得到家长“同意”的过程。围绕“制造同意”的过程,需要讨论基层政府推动村小撤并的行动策略,并解释农村家长为何选择“同意”。基于县镇个案的讨论,可以揭示了农村家长教育选择的行动逻辑,即教育选择不仅反映了客观的结构条件,它也是嵌入在家庭整体决策体系之中的,受到观念、资源等因素的影响。社会需求的视角为当前的农村教育政策讨论带来启示,即教育供给应该更好地回应农村家长的需求与预期,重视村小的改善与振兴问题,强化政策制定中的社会参与。

China's rural schools and small teaching stations are facing severe challenge today.In practice,rural school consolidation as a consented process,reflected parents'abandonment of village schools.This paper aims to discuss the action strategy of the grass-roots government to promote the rural school consolidation and explain why rural parents choose to consent.The case study of L Town revealed the logic of rural parents'school choice,which not only reflects the external educational structure,but also gets embedded in rural family decision-making system influenced by ideas,resources,etc.The perspective of social needs has some implications for the discussion of rural education policy,which suggests that the education supply should respond to rural parents'needs and expectations,focus on the improvement and revitalization of village schools,and enhance social participation in the process of policy making.