女权主义·女性主义·“田园女权”--“Feminism”中文译名的百年演变与衍生

Nv Quan Zhu Yi·Nv Xing Zhu Yi·‘TianYuanNvQuan’--Developments and Derivation of Chinese Translation of“Feminism”in a Century

“Feminism”传入中国后的译名发生了一系列演变与衍生,其中包括有意或无意的曲解。从20世纪初至今,大致历经诞生期、争论期、新变期三个阶段,涉及“女权主义”“女性主义”以及污名化概念“田园女权”等译名竞争,是学界和民间性别问题论辩的焦点与疑点。通过梳理近代以来妇女杂志、妇女学译介著作、社交媒体上的女权话题,“女性主义”一词的流变脉络逐渐清晰,它与其他社会文化因素的互动轨迹被揭示,而女性被动或主动的历史姿态也借由多元译名显现出来。从译介研究和传播研究的角度解读女权关键词的发展历程,有助于了解名词背后的现实意义,追溯中国女性主义的核心理念。

There have been a series of translation developments since the word‘feminism’was introduced to Chinese,including intentional or unintentional misinterpretation.From the beginning of the 20th century to nowadays,Chinese well-known translated terms of‘feminism’are‘Nv Quan Zhu Yi’,‘Nv Xing Zhu Yi’,and‘Tian Yuan Nv Quan’,which become key words and doubtful points in academic and folk discussion around gender issues.Translated terms experienced mainly three stages:birth of Chinese feminism,debates of Chinese feminism,stigma of Chinese feminism.This paper overviews female magazines,translations of feminist articles,and feminist topics on social media,in order to show the interaction between feminist issues and other social issues.And in this way,changes of translation reflect Chinese women’s positive or passive stances in the history.From perspectives of translation and communication studies,this paper is helpful for people to understand the cultural imagination beyond the word“feminism”and to view core idea of Chinese feminism.