生活垃圾焚烧电厂布袋除尘器滤袋更换及维护对烟气排放质量的影响

Influence of Replacement and Maintenance of Filter Bag of Bag Filter in Domestic Waste Incineration Power Plant on Flue Gases Emission Quality

布袋除尘器滤袋设计寿命一般为6年,达到设计寿命后易出现老化磨损、箱体严重积灰等现象,影响烟气排放质量。为确保布袋除尘器稳定、高效运行,对某生活垃圾焚烧电厂使用年限为4年的除尘器滤袋进行了更换并建立了滤袋维护标准流程,采集滤袋更换维护前、后1号、2号焚烧线烟气样品,分析烟气颗粒物、SO2、HCl、CO等指标。结果表明,更换维护前、后烟气排放均能达到GB 18485—2014《生活垃圾焚烧污染控制标准》限值,但更换和维护后烟气颗粒物、SO2、HCl、CO平均质量浓度分别下降了80.23%、35.71%、57.23%、60.29%,颗粒物和HCl负超标倍数分别提高了42.17%、20.11%,大气环保税费下降了51.36%。可见,更换和维护前后烟气排放均能达到排放标准,但为实现区域大气环境质量提升和环境效益最大化,有必要在达到设计寿命前及时更换除尘器滤袋并采用有效维护方法。

The design life of the bag filter bag of the bag filter is generally 6 years.After the design life is reached,it is prone to aging,wear,and severe dust accumulation on the cabinet,which affects the quality of flue gases emission.In order to ensure the stable and efficient operation of the bag filter,the filter bag of a household wastes incineration power plant with a service life of 4 years was replaced and a standard process of filter bag maintenance was established.Before and after filter bag replacement and maintenance,we collected flue gases samples from No.1 and No.2 incineration lines to analyze flue gases particulate matter,SO2,HCl,CO and other indicators.The results show that the flue gases emissions before and after the replacement and maintenance can reach the limits of the"Standard for pollution control on the municipal solid waste incineration"(GB 18485—2014),but the average mass concentrations of flue gases particulate matter,SO2,HCl and CO decrease respectively after replacement and maintenance 80.23%,35.71%,57.23%,60.29%,the multiples of particulate matter and HCl negative exceedance increased by 42.17%and 20.11%respectively,and atmospheric environmental protection taxes and fees fell by 51.36%.It can be seen that the flue gases emissions before and after replacement and maintenance can meet the emission standards,but in order to achieve regional atmospheric environmental quality improvement and maximize environmental benefits,it is necessary to replace the dust collector filter bag in time and adopt effective maintenance methods before reaching the design life.