微囊藻毒素诱导细胞自噬的研究进展

Research Progress on Autophagy Induced by Microcystins

微囊藻毒素是由蓝藻产生的次生代谢产物,具有很强的肝毒性、肾毒性、生殖毒性及神经毒性等。而自噬作为维持细胞稳态的自我更新机制,在应对有毒物质胁迫时发挥着重要作用,最新的研究报道表明微囊藻毒素可诱导细胞自噬。目前,微囊藻毒素诱导细胞自噬的研究,主要以肝细胞、肾细胞、性腺细胞及神经细胞为研究对象。本文综述了微囊藻毒素对上述细胞自噬诱导的研究进展,且从氧化应激途径和内质网应激途径探讨微囊藻毒素诱导细胞自噬的机制,并对今后研究方向进行了展望,可为全面剖析微囊藻毒素的毒性机理以及自噬在其中发挥的具体作用提供参考。

Microcystins,the secondary metabolites produced by cyanobacteria,have strong hepatotoxicity,renal toxicity,reproductive toxicity,neurotoxicity,etc.Autophagy is considered to be a self-renewal mechanism to maintain cell homeostasis,and plays important roles under toxic stress.The latest researches indicate that microcystins can induce the autophagy.At present,the studies on autophagy induced by microcystins mainly focused on hepatocytes,renal cells,gonadal cells and neurocytes,which are summarized in this review.Besides,the mechanisms of autophagy induced by microcystins have been investigated from oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling pathways.Moreover,the further studies on autophagy induced by microcystins are prospected in the present paper.Overall,this review will provide references for the comprehensive analysis of the toxic mechanisms of microcystins as well as the specific role of autophagy.