英国《罗宾斯报告》的价值取向及历史地位

The Value Orientation and Historical Status of“the Robbins Report”in Britain

二战后,英国“共识政治”形成,国内经济在相对稳定的政治环境中经历了创伤性的恢复。在第三次科技革命爆发、中等教育人数不断扩充等历史背景下,《罗宾斯报告》应运而生。报告提出的高校人数扩充、高级技术学院,升格、地方师范院校改革、加强大学与产业界的联系等重要建议,实则蕴含着对教育民主、教育机会均等、教育规模扩张及师资力量提升的价值追求。在报告原则和建议的影响下,“平板玻璃大学”产生,高等教育在发展理念、办学规模、制度结构等诸多方面都发生了重大变化,进而奠定了英国现代大学教育发展的基础。正因如此,20世纪60年代被认为是英国高等教育发展史上的重要分水岭,此后,英国高等教育逐渐从传统模式走向现代模式,从精英教育走向大众教育。

After World War II, the British "consensus politics" was formed, and the domestic economy experienced a traumatic recovery in a relatively stable political environment. Against the historical background of social changes such as the outbreak of the third technological revolution and the continuous expansion of secondary education, "the Robins Report" came into being. Some important suggestions, such as the expanding the enrollment of universities, upgrading advanced technical colleges, local normal college reform, and strengthening the relationship between universities and industry, contain the value pursuit of education democracy, equal educational opportunities, expansion of education scale, and improvement of teaching staff. Under the influence of principles and suggestions in this report, the "Plate Glass University" was established, and major changes have taken place in many aspects of higher education, such as development philosophy, schooling scale, and institutional structure, which laid the foundation for the development of modern university education in the UK. Thus, the 1960 s was regarded as an important watershed in the history of the development of British higher education. Since then, British higher education has gradually moved from a traditional model to a modern model, from elite education to mass education.