司马相如的汉代话语建构

Sima Xiangru’s Discourse Construction in Han Dynasty

自《史记·司马相如列传》开始,中国历代都有文人墨客对司马相如的文学作品进行深入的研究和高度的评价。扬雄称赞"长卿赋不似从人间来,其神化所至邪";班固、刘勰称之为"辞宗";朱熹认为司马相如与"骚圣"屈原并驾齐驱;明人王世贞等人称之为"赋圣";鲁迅先生则以"武帝时文人,赋莫若司马相如,文莫若司马迁",充分肯定司马相如的文学"卓绝汉代";当代成都学者谭继和先生说司马相如是"百科全书式的汉代大儒家之一"。可见司马相如对汉代文化特别是汉代话语的建构起到了举足轻重的作用。

Since the " Historical Records: Biographies of Sima Xiangru", there have been literati and writers in all dynasties in China who have conducted in-depth research and highly appraised Sima Xiangru’s literary works.Yang Xiong praised " Changqing Fu doesn’t seem to come from the world, and its deification is evil";Ban Gu and Liu Xie call it " Ci Zong";Zhu Xi believes that Sima Xiangru and " Sao Sheng" Qu Yuan go hand in hand;Ming Wang Shizhen and others call it " Fu Sheng";Mr. Lu Xun used " the literati in the time of Emperor Wu,the literati of Sima Xiangru, and the text of Sima Qian", fully affirming Sima Xiangru’s literature " excellent in the Han Dynasty";contemporary Chengdu scholar Tan Jihe said that Sima Xiangru is like " One of the great Confucianists of the Han Dynasty in the form of an encyclopedia." It can be seen that Sima Xiangru played a pivotal role in the construction of Han Dynasty culture, especially Han Dynasty discourse.