歇山屋顶式木构古建抗震构造研究

ASEISMIC CONSTITUTION OF GABLE AND HIP ROOF TYPE OF CHINESE ANCIENT TIMBER BUILDING

基于某单檐歇山屋顶式古建模型搭建的技术要点,分析浮放柱底、柱架、斗拱、屋架、屋顶、墙体等构造,对结构整体抗震性能的影响。基于对模型开展的振动台试验,进一步探讨上述构造的有利影响,结果表明,柱底与柱顶石之间的摩擦滑移可产生隔震效果,柱架构件的榫卯连接、斗拱层均可产生减震效果,屋架高宽比及厚重屋顶有利于结构的整体稳定,屋顶在地震时会产生局部扭摆,墙体有利于减小中低烈度地震作用下木构架的晃动幅度。

Gable and hip roof belongs to a typical roof style of Chinese ancient building.To effectively protect Chinese ancient buildings,a timber structure with such roof is taken as example to study its aseismic constitutions.The study is carried out by means of theoretical as well as shaking table tests.Based on key building techniques of model of an ancient Chinese building with single layer gable and hip roof,aseismic influence of the constitutions such as free-standing column bottom,column structure,bracket sets(tou-kung),roof structure,roof,wall and so on are discussed.The shaking table tests further proof the aseismic contributions of the constitutions.Results show that the sliding motion of column boot on stone surface can produce isolation effect;the tenon-mortise connection among components of the column structure and the constitution of bracket sets can both absorb part of earthquake energy;the low ratio of height against width of its roof structure as well as heavy.roof can strengthen the stability of the whole structure;the gable and hip roof occurs partly torsion pendulum under earthquakes;the wall constitution can restrict the rocking amplitude of the timber structure under earthquakes with low or medium intensity.