第二大类CRISPR-Cas系统在肿瘤研究的应用

Application of Class 2 CRISPR-Cas System in Tumor Therapy

第二大类CRISPR-Cas系统具备多重基因编辑修饰功能,仅由单效应蛋白介导完成干扰过程,包括靶向编辑双链DNA的Cas9、Cas12系统,及识别并切割单链RNA的Cas13系统.综合介绍第二大类CRISPR-Cas系统的结构与功能基础、作用机制,及其在构建肿瘤模型、肿瘤免疫治疗、耐药性研究、核酸检测等方面的应用,为进一步开发CRISPR-Cas工具并应用于临床医学研究提供参考.

The Class 2 CRISPR-Cas system has the function of multiple gene editing and modification.This system completes the interference progress by single effector proteins,including Cas9 and Cas12 systems for editing the double-stranded DNA,and Cas13 system for recognizing and cutting single-stranded RNA.In this article,systematically summarize the Class 2 CRISPR-Cas system’s structural and functional characteristics,the interference mechanism,and the application in tumor model construction,drug resistance research,tumor immunotherapy,nucleic acid detection,etc.Thus,this article will further provide important reference information for developing new CRISPR-Cas tools in clinical research.