中外优秀男子跳远运动员起跳腾起特征的对比与分析

Comparison and Analysis of the Characteristics of Chinese and Foreign Outstanding Men Jumping from Long Jump

为分析我国优秀男子跳远优势和不足,采用文献资料法、对比分析法、数理统计法等方法,对中外优秀男子跳远运动员运动参数进行分析,结果表明:(1)我国优秀运动员在腾起初速度、水平速度和起跳时间与国外优秀运动员相比没有显著性差异,表明我国优秀运动员在这三方面运动能力是较强的。(2)我国优秀运动员腾起角度、垂直速度和运动成绩与国外运动员存在显著性差异,我国优秀运动员腾起角度和垂直速度都小于国外运动员可能导致跳远成绩小于国外运动员。(3)我国优秀运动员腾起角与垂直速度都小于国外优秀运动员原因:①是运动员起跳腿缓冲和蹬伸能力不足;②是摆动腿和手臂的摆动速度慢;③是髋关节和骨盆运动原因;④是运动员最后3步积极加速上板意识不足。

In order to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the long jump of outstanding men in China,the sports parameters of excellent men long jump athletes in China and abroad are analyzed by means of literature,comparative analysis and mathematical statistics.The results show that:(1)There is no significant difference between Chinese outstanding athletes'initial speed,horizontal speed and jumping time compared with foreign outstanding athletes,which shows that our outstanding athletes have strong athletic ability in these three aspects.(2)China's outstanding athletes have significant differences in angle,vertical speed and sports performance with foreign athletes.China's outstanding athletes have less angle and vertical speed than foreign athletes may lead to long jump performance than foreign athletes.(3)China's outstanding athletes lift angle and vertical speed are less than the reasons for the outstanding athletes abroad:First,athletes lack the ability to jump leg buffering and kick.The second is to swing the legs and arms at a slow speed.The third is the reason for hip and pelvic movement.Fourth,the athlete's last three steps actively accelerate the lack of awareness on the board.