青光眼发病机制相关分子途径研究进展

Research progress on molecular pathways related to the pathogenesis of glaucoma

青光眼是以视野缺损、视力下降、神经节细胞不可逆性凋亡为主要特征的神经退行性疾病。多数患者的发病原因难以用单一因素解释,关于青光眼病理生理机制的研究也尚无一个确切的定论可以涵盖所有。关于青光眼的治疗方法,目前临床上主要为药物、手术或者联合多种方式降低眼压,辅以营养神经等,但对于部分眼压不高或开角型青光眼患者疗效不显著。针对青光眼这个世界性难题的基础病理生理机制的研究及可能相关的靶点治疗,也许是未来青光眼疾病治疗的一个重要发展方向。

Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by visual field defect,visual loss and irreversible apoptosis of ganglion cells.As the largest irreversible blindness disease in the world,its pathogenesis of most patients is difficult to be explained by a single factor,and the research on the pathophysiological mechanism of glaucoma has not been conclusive enough to cover all.As for the treatment of glaucoma,it is mainly used in clinical practice to reduce intraocular pressure by means of drugs,surgery or combination,supplemented by the treatment of vegetative nerve,etc.,but the curative effect is not significant for some patients with low intraocular pressure or open-angle glaucoma.The study of the underlying pathophysiological mechanism of glaucoma as a worldwide problem and the possible target therapy may be an important future development direction in the treatment of glaucoma diseases.