《燕丹子》士子群像论

The Study of Group Image of Shi's in Yan Dan Zi

成书甚早的优秀小说《燕丹子》人物众多,层次不一,但以士子群像为主。他们在士节和士行等方面,表现出担当道义、不屈不挠的奋斗精神,殊别于那些竞逐富贵的战国游士。以士节而论,荆轲之临大利而不忘其义、樊於期之为复仇而不避其难、夏扶之忠于国事而舍生取义,他们的品节,体现出人类精神所可能达到的历史高度;其中,重信行义、以“吞舌而死”来推动抗秦大业的田光,更具有高度的道德感,充满着独特的魅力。以士行而论,作品中的群士以决烈的心志和迥异于常人的生命观念,争先恐后地投身于极其惨烈的抗暴活动,本欲以策士自效而之后慨然自任刺士的荆轲,以其悲剧英雄的风姿,卓绝地表现出士文化的实践性品格。

There are many distinctive characters at different levels in the excellent novel Yan Dan Zi,particularly covering the group image of Shi's(Confucius scholars).Unlike the lobbyists of the Warring States period,those Shi's(like Jing Ke,Fan Yuqi and Xia Fu)showed a spirit of moral responsibility and indomitable struggle.Among them,Tian Guang,who attached great importance to keeping promises and was willing to lay down his life for the anti-Qin cause,boasted a higher moral sense,hence a glamorous figure.In terms of the behaviour of Shi's in Yan Dan Zi,the group of Shi's in the work,with their firm determination and life ideology different from average people of their time,threw themselves one after another in the extremely fierce anti-tyranny activities.Jing Ke,who had intended to serve as a counselor and later died a martyr's death as an assassin,showed the integrity of Shi culture with his tragic heroic demeanor.