鲁迅《故乡》插图中的三个少年闰土形象

Three Images of Young Runtu in the Illustrations of Lu Xun's Hometown

鲁迅小说《故乡》是家喻户晓的名篇。其中,闰土、“我”和“豆腐西施”是受人瞩目的焦点。只是美术家关于少年闰土的形象塑造却长期被忽略。受“文革”样板戏美学影响,韩和平将少年闰土刻画为革命小英雄,是“我”仰视的对象。受“五四”儿童本位思想影响,丰子恺将之理解为天真烂漫的儿童,与“我”平视、平等。受封建时代的主奴观念影响,范曾将之视为“我”的仆人。作为“小少爷”的“我”,则成为少年闰土仰视的对象。三个未被审视的少年闰土、以及“我”与闰土的关系,呈现出有关《故乡》的别样认知空间,显示了鲁迅文学插图研究不可替代的意义。

Hometown is a household novel of Lu Xun,in which“Runtu”,“I”and“Yang Er Sao”are the focus of attention.But the images of young Runtu have long been ignored by the artists.Influenced by the aesthetics of the “ Cultural Revolution”,Han Heping portrays young Runtu as a little hero whom“I”look up to.Influenced by the children-centered ideology in“May the Fourth Movement”,Feng Zikai interprets Runtu as an innocent child who enjoys the same equality as“I”.Influenced by the feudal concept of master and slave,Fan Zeng sees Runtu as“my”servant,in which case“I”,a young master of his,am what he worships.Three unexamined images of young Runtu and the correlation between“I”and“Runtu”present an unusual cognitive space of Hometown,indicating that the study of Lu Xun's literary illustrations is of particular significance.