某院2016—2019年梅毒感染产妇及母婴传播情况分析

Analysis of syphilis infection puerperae and mother-to-child transmission in the hospital from 2016 to 2019

目的对合肥市滨湖医院2016—2019年梅毒感染产妇及母婴传播情况进行调查分析,为加强母婴防治供理论依据。方法选取2016年7月至2019年12月合肥市滨湖医院产科分娩的30 537例产妇作为研究对象。统计梅毒感染率及母婴传播率,并分析梅毒产妇的一般资料及规范治疗情况,统计产妇不良妊娠结局发生情况。结果纳入研究的产妇中梅毒感染率为0.33%;梅毒母婴传播率为5.94%。年龄为25~29岁,文化程度为初中、高中文化,梅毒分期为隐性,工作状态为无,户口归属为城市分别在各因素中占比最高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);二期梅毒规范治疗率高于隐性梅毒,城市户口规范治疗率高于农村户口,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。梅毒产妇胎膜早破、羊水过少、子痫前期、先兆早产、胎儿窘迫、羊水污染不良妊娠结局发生率显著高于健康产妇,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);梅毒产妇不良妊娠结局中,胎膜早破、先兆早产发生率高于单脐动脉、羊水过少、子痫前期、胎儿窘迫,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论合肥市滨湖医院梅毒产妇感染率及母婴传播率较低,梅毒产妇的主要不良妊娠结局为胎膜早破、先兆早产,孕期要做好宣教和规范治疗。

Objective To investigate and analyze syphilis infection puerperae and mother-to-child trans-mission(MTCT)in Hefei Binhu Hospital from 2016 to 2019 in order to provide theoretical basis for strengthening mother-to-child prevention.Methods A total of 30,537 puerperae undergoing delivery in obstetrics department of Hefei Binhu Hospital from July 2016 to December 2019 were enrolled as the research objects.The incidence rates of syphilis infection and MTCT were statistically analyzed.The general data and standardized treatment of syphilis women were analyzed,and adverse pregnancy outcomes of puerperae were statistically analyzed.Results The syphilis infection rate in puerperae and MTCT were 0.33%and 5.94%,respectively.And the above incidence rates were the highest in puerperae with age within 25-29 years old,education levels of junior high school and high school,syphilis staging during recessive stage,unemployment status and urban household registration(P<0.05).The standard treatment rate of syphilis at stageⅡwas higher than that at recessive stage,which was higher in puer-perae with urban household registration than rural household(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse pregnancy out-comes(premature rupture of membranes,oligohydramnios,preeclampsia,threatened premature labor,fetal dis-tress,amniotic fluid contamination)in syphilis puerperae was significantly higher than that in healthy puerperae(P<0.05).Among the adverse pregnancy outcomes,incidence of premature rupture of membranes and threatened premature labor was higher than that of single umbilical artery,oligohydramnios,preeclampsia and fetal distress(P<0.05).Conclusions The syphilis infection rate in puerperae and MTCT are low in Hefei Binhu Hospital.The main adverse pregnancy outcomes of syphilis parturients were premature rupture of membranes and premature delivery,and education and standard treatment should be done well during pregnancy.