贵州六枝地区沉积型锂矿中锂的赋存状态研究

Study on the Occurrence of Lithium in Sedimentary Lithium Deposits in Liuzhi Area Guizhou Province

通过矿相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、电子探针、X射线衍射分析、能谱元素面分析等多种手段综合研究贵州六枝地区沉积岩型锂矿中锂的赋存状态。样品为综合样,Li^(2)O含量为0.63%。样品中主要矿物为锂绿泥石(21.10%)、石英(18.48%)、方解石(19.10%)、黄铁矿(5.86%)以及其他等。样品具典型的黏土结构,矿物粒度微细。平衡配分结果显示,锂绿泥石理论Li^(2)O含量3.12%,分布率为96.48%。这表明锂绿泥石是锂的主要载体矿物,通过回收锂绿泥石可以有效地回收矿石中的锂元素,但由于锂绿泥石粒度微细,难以通过传统选矿工艺对锂绿泥石进行有效富集,因此建议通过冶金方式对锂进行提取,但应特别注意矿石中硫元素在冶金过程中对环境的影响。

The occurrence state of lithium in sedimentary rock type lithium deposits in Liuzhi area of Guizhou province was comprehensively studied by means of mineralogical microscope,scanning electron microscope,electron probe microanalysis,X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive element surface analysis and other means.The sample is a comprehensive sample,with 0.63%content of Li^(2)O.The main minerals in the sample are limonite chlorite(21.10%),quartz(18.48%),calcite(19.10%),pyrite(5.86%)and others.The sample has a typical clay structure and fine mineral particle size.The results of equilibrium composition show that the theoretical Li^(2)O content of lithium chlorite is 3.12%and the distribution rate is 96.48%,which shows that limonite is the main carrier mineral of lithium.By recovering limonite,the lithium element in the ore can be effectively recovered.However,due to the fine size of limonite,it is difficult to effectively enrich limonite through the traditional beneficiation process.Therefore,it is suggested to extract lithium by metallurgy,but special attention should be paid to the environmental impact of sulfur element in the ore during the metallurgy process.