产业结构升级中如何发挥人力资本的集聚效应--以重庆市为例

How to Exert the Agglomeration Effect of Human Capital in the Upgrading of Industrial Structure:Take Chongqing as an Example

在经济“新常态”下,人力资本集聚对产业结构升级的促进作用将不断凸显。文章在系统总结人力资本集聚促进产业结构升级的理论逻辑与现实困境的基础上,分析重庆市在人力资本集聚促进产业结构升级过程中存在的问题。研究发现,人力资本质量不高、空间集聚度不高以及各种制度性障碍制约着重庆市产业结构升级中人力资本集聚效应的发挥。因此,重庆市要进一步加大教育投入,使之适当超前于产业结构的变迁;建立促进人力资本空间集聚的体制机制;通过制度创新解决企业人力资本投资的“搭便车”问题。

Under the“new normal”of economy,the role of human capital agglomeration in promoting the upgrading of industrial structure will become more and more important.On the basis of summarizing the theoretical logic and difficulties of human capital agglomeration promoting industrial structure upgrading,the problems existing in the process of Chongqing’s industrial structure upgrading were analyzed.It is found that the shortage of human capital,the low degree of spatial agglomeration for human capital and various institutional barriers restrict the exerting of human capital agglomeration effect in the upgrading of Chongqing’s industrial structure.Therefore,Chongqing should further expand the investment in education,establish a mechanism to promote the spatial agglomeration of human capital,and solve the“free riding”problem of human capital investment through institutional innovation.