脂肪间充质干细胞来源外泌体的功能

Function of exosomes originated from adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells

外泌体是细胞外膜质纳米囊泡,将蛋白质、核酸(DNA和RNA)转运到靶细胞中,介导局部和系统的细胞间通信,从而改变受体细胞的行为。这些小泡在许多生物功能中发挥重要作用,如脂肪合成、免疫调节、神经再生和肿瘤调节等。脂肪间充质干细胞目前被认为是细胞治疗和再生医学领域中一种功能丰富的工具,可产生和分泌多种外泌体,继承细胞的多种功能。本文主要介绍来自脂肪间充质干细胞的外泌体特点,描述其在不同生物学过程中的作用,总结最新研究成果,为脂肪间充质干细胞来源外泌体的研究提供理论依据。

Exosomes are extracellular membranous nanovesicles that mediate local and systemic intercellular communication by transporting proteins or nucleic acids(DNA and RNA) into target cells, thus alter the behaviors of recipient cells. These vesicles play a critical role in many biological functions, such as fat synthesis, immune regulation, nerve regeneration and tumor regulation. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells are now considered a multipotent and abundant tool in the field of cell therapy and regenerative medicine. They can produce and secrete many exosomes, which inherit multiple functions of cells. The purpose of this review is to introduce the characteristics of exosomes from adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells and provide a theoretical basis for the study of exosomes originated from adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells.