后发企业技术路径自我锁定效应形成原因及应对策略研究

The Causes of Self-locking Effect of Technological Path and Coping Strategies in the Latecomer Firms

中国作为一个发展中大国,在技术主导的行业中,由于管理经验的缺乏、技术创新经验不够、市场不成熟等劣势,存在诸多后发企业。这些后发企业技术发展落后于国际顶尖技术,在技术发展道路中,由内因形成了技术锁定,即自我锁定。经探究发现,其主要原因为风险厌恶心理和转换成本。其中风险厌恶心理的形成是由于技术创新的不确定性和新技术的市场风险导致,而转换成本的高低与资产专用性、学习效应和规模经济紧密相关。这两者的存在阻碍了后发企业的技术创新活动,直接导致了企业自我锁定的局势。本文在分析后发企业自我锁定效应形成原因后,针对所提出的原因作出应对性策略研究。该研究对于后发企业厘清自我锁定效应的形成机理以及应对自我锁定效应具有理论与实践意义。

China as a developing nation,has many latecomer firms in the technology leading industry because of the lack of management experience,insufficient experience of technological innovation,immature market and so on.Technology development in these latecomer firms lags behind cutting-edge technology worldwide.They formed a technology lock due to the internal cause in the technical development path,also known as"self-locking".Upon inquiry,the main reasons are risk aversion psychology and conversion cost.The formation of risk aversion psychology is due to the uncertainty of technology innovation and the market risk of the new technology.Conversion cost is closely related with asset specificity,learning effects and economies of scale.The existence of both hinders the technology innovation activities in latecomer firms and leds directly to self-locking.This article proposes a response strategy after analyzing the reasons for the formation of self-locking effect in latecomer firms.This study has theoretical and practical significance to latecomer firms in terms of charifying the formation mechanism of self-locking effect and dealing with self-locking effect.