运动改善阿尔茨海默病的酮体相关机制研究进展

Research Progress of Ketone Body Related Mechanism of Exercise Improving Alzheimer’s Disease

阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)是一种多发于老年人群的神经退行性疾病,目前尚无有效治疗AD的药物,而酮体和运动能够为大脑提供保护作用,有效延缓AD的病理进程。β-羟基丁酸(β-hydroxybutyrate,BHB)作为哺乳动物体内含量最高的酮体,不仅可以作为一种替代能源物质,也能作为信号分子发挥作用。运动后大脑中BHB的增加还可以促进脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)的表达,在改善AD患者认知和记忆力方面有着重要的意义。运动改善AD的酮体相关机制还不清楚,该文总结了BHB和运动对AD影响的最新研究进展,旨在从运动–酮体的角度为预防、缓解和治疗AD提供一种新的思考。

AD(Alzheimer’s disease)is a kind of neurodegenerative disease that mostly occurs in elderly people.Currently,there is no effective drug for AD,but ketone body and exercise can protect the brain and effectively delay the pathological process of AD.As the most abundant ketone body in mammals,BHB(β-hydroxybutyrate)can be used not only as an alternative energy substance but also as a signaling molecule.The increase of BHB in brain after exercise can also promote the expression of BDNF(brain-derived neurotrophic factor),which is of great significance in improving the cognition and memory of AD patients.The ketone body-related mechanism of exercise improving AD is unclear.This review summarizes the latest research progress on the effects of exercise-mediated BHB on AD,and aims to provide a new idea for the prevention,alleviation and treatment of AD from the perspective of exercise-ketone bodies.