论《闲家编》的思想内涵和现实意义

On the ideological connotation and practical significance of Xianjia Bian

清代名臣王士俊通纂古今诸论并间附己意,钩贯联缀编撰而成的《闲家编》体例严整,结构清晰,颇有章法,论述伦理道德则要言不烦、切中肯綮,教导日常行止则细致入微、讲求实际,注重事、言、论的结合。是书遍涉立身之道和治家守业的经验之谈,既有对子孙后代的谆谆教诲,又有对教育方式的恳切建议,也不乏编者为官一方、教化吏民的甘苦之言。其思想内涵可以概括为:以孝悌仁善为根基,敦睦伦常、尽己本分;以礼治家,勤俭兴家,家不失政,防微杜渐;教子之道,因材施教、循序渐进、宽严相济。书中蕴含的为人处世、修身齐家、教育后代的道理和方法在今天依然具有实用价值和现实意义。

Xianjia Bian,compiled by Wang Shijun,a famous minister of the Qing dynasty,has a rigorous style and a clear structure.The book,emphasizing the compilation of examples,words and theories,discusses ethics and morality concisely and pertinently and teaches daily conduct in a detailed and practical way.It covers the way of establishing oneself and the experience of running a family and keeping one’s business,and contains both sage advice for future generations and earnest suggestions on the way of education,as well as the real experiences of the editor as an official and his practices of ruling the officials and people.The contents of the compilation can be summarized as follows:to take filial piety and fraternal benevolence as the foundation,to be harmonious with each other and to do one’s own part;to rule the family with propriety,to be diligent and thrifty,to keep the family in order and prevent the slightest mistakes;to teach the children step by step according to their abilities,and to be both lenient and strict.The principles and methods in the book for cultivating moral character,managing the family and educating the children are still of practical value and relevance today.