2017年-2019年菏泽市食品中食源性致病菌监测结果分析

Surveillance and analysis of foodborne pathogenic bacteria in food in Heze from 2017 to 2019

目的了解菏泽市食品中食源性致病菌的分布及污染状况,为预防食源性疾病提供科学依据。方法根据《山东省食品安全风险监测方案》,2017年-2019年共采集14类770份食品样品。对沙门菌、弯曲菌、产气荚膜梭菌、蜡样芽胞杆菌、小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌等13种致病菌进行监测分析。结果 770份样品中共检出致病菌196株,总检出率为25.45%。2017年-2019年致病菌检出率分别为12.59%、25.86%、41.43%,3年来致病菌的检出率呈上升趋势(χ^(2)=51.80,P <0.01)。检出率较高的有铜绿假单胞菌(33.33%)、弯曲菌(24.54%)、产气荚膜梭菌(22.86%)。不同食品中致病菌检出率最高的是冲调谷物类制品(53.33%),其次是肉与肉制品、桶装水及直饮水、餐饮食品。结论菏泽市抽检食品存在不同程度的污染,铜绿假单胞菌、蜡样芽胞杆菌、弯曲菌、产气荚膜梭菌、沙门菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、副溶血性弧菌是主要污染菌,应有针对性地加强食品安全风险监测,确保消费者食品安全。

Objective To analyze the distribution and pollution status of foodborne pathogens in Heze City,so as to provide scientific evidence for the prevention of foodborne diseases. Methods According to the Shandong Food Safety Risk Monitoring Program,770 samples from 14 types of food were collected from 2017 to 2019 from monitoring 13 food borne pathogens including Salmonella,Campylobacter,Clostridium perfringens,Bacillus cereus and Yersinia enterocolitica. Results A total of 196 strains of foodborne pathogens were detected in 770 samples,and the total detection rate was 25. 45%. The detection rates of pathogens were 12. 59%,25. 86%,and 41. 43% in 2017-2019,and the detection rate of pathogenic bacteria increased in the3 years( χ^(2)= 51. 80,P < 0. 01). The bacteria with higher detection rate were Pseudomonas aeruginosa( 33. 33%),Campylobacter( 24. 54%) and Clostridium perfringens( 22. 86%). The highest detection rate of pathogenic bacteria was the processed cereal products( 53. 33%) in different foods,followed by meat and meat products,bottled water and direct drinking water,catering food. Conclusion There are different degrees of pollution in the foods in Heze. Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Bacillus cereus,Campylobacter,Clostridium perfringens,Salmonella,Staphylococcus aureus,Vibrio parahaemolyticus are the main contaminating bacteria. Food safety risk monitoring should be strengthened to prevent and control foodborne disease.