不同树龄枸杞盛果期各组织器官氮磷钾养分吸收规律研究

Distribution of N,P and K of Tissues and Organs of Different Tree-Age’s Wolfberry in Full Fruit Period

在宁夏枸杞主产区中宁县,以宁杞1号为研究对象,于2017年夏季(7月上旬)枸杞盛果期采集2年、4年、6年、8年、10年和12年树龄的枸杞果实、叶片、结果枝条、侧枝、主干及根系样品,测定不同树龄枸杞各组织器官氮磷钾养分含量,同时调研枸杞施肥量,明确枸杞养分吸收规律。结果表明:随着枸杞树龄增加,施肥量、枸杞产量增加,土壤主要理化指标均呈先上升又降低的趋势。枸杞盛果期各组织器官氮、磷、钾含量明显不一致,与施肥量有关。其中,全氮含量均表现为结果枝叶片>果实>根系>结果枝条>侧枝>主干,全磷含量为果实>结果枝叶片>根系>结果枝条>侧枝>主干,全钾含量为果实>结果枝叶片>结果枝条>根系>侧枝>主干;不同树龄(2~12年)各组织器官氮、磷、钾含量差异不显著,随着树龄增加,枸杞果实和根系全氮含量总体有降低趋势,成龄树(5年以上)果实、主干、根系全钾含量也逐年降低;不同树龄枸杞盛果期果实氮、磷、钾养分含量表现为钾>氮>磷,其他各组织器官氮、磷、钾养分含量均表现为氮>钾>磷。

In major wolfberry producing area-----Zhongning County,taking Ningqi No.1 as the research object,collecting fruit,leaf,bearing branch,lateral branch,trunk and roots of two-year-old,4-year-old,6-year-old,8-year-old,10-year-old and 12-year-old in wolfberry full fruit period in summer of 2017(in early July),to detect N,P and K content of tissues and organs of different tree-age’s wolfberry,search application rate and make clear of nutrient absorption.The results showed that with the increase of tree-age of wolfberry,the application rate and yield increased,main soil physical and chemical indexes increased and then decreased.N,P and K content of tissues and organs of different tree-age’s wolfberry in full fruit period showed significant differences,which was related to application rate.Total N content was leaf of bearing branch>fruit>roots>bearing branch>lateral branch>trunk,Total P content was fruit>leaf of bearing branch>roots>bearing branch>lateral branch>trunk,and Total K content was fruit>leaf of bearing branch>bearing branch>roots>lateral branch>trunk;N,P and K content of tissues and organs of different tree-age’s wolfberry(2~12 years old)had no significant differences;with the increase of tree age,total N content of fruit and roots decreased,and total K content of fruit,trunk and roots of mature trees(above 5 years old)decreased year by year;N,P and K content of different tree-age’s wolfberry was K>N>P,and N,P and K content of other tissues and organs was N>K>P.