新辅助放化疗对腹腔镜辅助中晚期低位直肠癌根治术患者近期疗效的影响

Effect of Neoadjuvant Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy on the Short-term Curative Effect of Laparoscopic-assisted Radical Resection of Low Rectal Cancer

目的观察新辅助放化疗对腹腔镜辅助中晚期低位直肠癌根治术患者近期疗效的影响。方法选择该院2018年2月—2020年1月收治的50例中晚期低位直肠癌患者作为该次研究的对象,所有患者均接受腹腔镜辅助中晚期低位直肠癌根治术治疗,随机分为两组,各组25例。研究组在手术治疗基础上采用新辅助放化疗,对照组直接采用手术治疗方式。比较两组清扫淋巴结数目、术后并发症发生率、保肛率。结果研究组清扫淋巴结数目(9.10±3.15)枚明显少于对照组(16.20±3.30)枚,差异有统计学意义(t=7.782,P<0.05);研究组保肛率(96.00%)优于对照组的68.00%,术后并发症发生率8.00%低于对照组32.00%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.878、4.500,P<0.05)。结论对中低位直肠癌患者采用新辅助放化疗联合腹腔镜手术可以降低术后并发症发生率,提高保肛率,效果更为显著。

Objective To observe the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy on the short-term curative effect of patients undergoing laparoscopic-assisted radical resection of low rectal cancer.Methods Fifty patients with intermediate and advanced low rectal cancer admitted in the hospital from February 2018 to January 2020 were selected as the subjects of this study.All patients received laparoscopic-assisted radical resection of intermediate and advanced low rectal cancer and were randomly divided into two groups,25 cases in each group.The study group used neoadjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy based on surgical treatment,and the control group directly used surgical treatment.The number of lymph nodes dissected,the incidence of postoperative complications,and the rate of anus preservation were compared between the two groups.Results The number of lymph nodes in the study group(9.10±3.15)was significantly less than(16.20±3.30)in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(t=7.782,P<0.05);the anus preservation rate(96.00%)of the study group was better than that of the control group 68.00%,the postoperative complication rate of 8.00%was lower than that of the control group 32.00%,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.878,4.500,P<0.05).Conclusion The use of neoadjuvant chemoradiation combined with laparoscopic surgery for patients with middle and low rectal cancer can reduce the incidence of postoperative complications and increase the anus preservation rate,and the effect is more significant.