中国共产党的体育思想形成和发展的历史文化根源

Historical and Cultural Roots of the Sports Ideology Formation and Development of the Communist Party of China

中国共产党建党100年来,解决了“体育事业为谁服务”的理论问题,并在体育实践中融入了爱国主义精神,进而结合中国国情逐步走出了一条中国特色社会主义的体育发展之路,使中国发展成为令世界瞩目的体育大国。从中国共产党的体育思想区别于“他者”的独特标志出发,通过历史文献梳理和史实回顾,找寻中国共产党的体育思想形成与发展的文化根源。经过分析发现,中国共产党的代表性人物的体育思想主要有3个来源:一是从中华民族传统文化中汲取了“尚武”思想、“爱国主义精神”等思想精髓;二是借鉴了中国近代建构起来的现代体育理论和体育实践体系;三是接受马克思主义作为创新体育理论与实践的思想基础。在这一思想演化进程中包括了中国近现代社会发展的必然历史逻辑,也在总体逻辑上体现了中国近现代体育发展的3次阶段性转折:从中国古代体育向中国近代传入的现代体育的转换,再从中国近代初步形成的“国民体育”体系之中“脱胎”转向“群众体育”,以及由此发展至今的以人民为中心的体育新发展格局。

Over the past century,the Communist Party of China has solved the theoretical problem of“for whom the sports cause serves”,and integrated the spirit of patriotism into sports practice,and then gradually built a socialist sports development road with Chinese characteristics according to China’s national conditions,making China a sports power attracting worldwide attention.Based on the unique symbol where the sports ideology of the Communist Party of China is different from“the others”,this paper explores the cultural roots of the formation and development of the sports ideology of the Communist Party of China by analyzing historical documents and reviewing historical facts.After analysis,it is found that the sports ideology of the representative figures of the Communist Party of China mainly comes from three sources:first,it absorbs the ideological essence of“martial spirit”and“patriotic spirit”from the traditional culture of the Chinese nation;second,it draws lessons from the modern sports theory and practice system constructed in modern China;thirdly,it accepts Marxism as the ideological basis of innovating sports theory and Practice.In the process of ideology evolution,it includes the inevitable historical logic of modern Chinese social development,and also reflects the three stage transitions of modern Chinese sports development in general logic:the transformation from ancient Chinese sports to modern sports introduced into China in modern times,and then from the“national sports”system initially formed in modern China to“mass sports”,as well as the new pattern of sports development that serves the people evolved so far.