永久基本农田保护的实施评价与政策启示--以我国东部地区XX地级市为例

Evaluation and Policy Enlightenment of Permanent Basic Farmland Protection--A Case Study of XX Prefecture-level City in Eastern China

基于“三调”数据分析我国东部地区XX地级市永久基本农田保护变化,从流失去向与流失空间分布两个方面深入分析了其真实境况,从而提出切实的保护政策建议。结果表明:①流失去向包括农业结构调整、建设占用和自然损毁,其中农业结构调整占用为主导。②城市圈内比圈外占用普遍严重,尤其是城乡建设占用了大量基本农田。③永久基本农田存在空间错配现象,未做到“应划尽划”。据此,提出构建农户补偿机制、县级保护任务量与存量建设指标相挂钩、协同基本农田—生态—城镇空间布局,实施圈内基本农田动态监测机制等系列措施,以提升保护效果。

Using the“the third nationwide land survey”data,this paper took XX prefecture-level city in the eastern China as an example to analyze the changes of the permanent basic farmland from two aspects that were what the lost basic farmland were used to do and where the lost basic farmland occurs,and finally put forward the relevant policy recommendations.The results showed that:①The lost direction of permanent basic farmland included three aspects that were other agricultural activities occupation,non-agricultural construction occupation and natural disaster damage,among which other agricultural activities occupation is the main reason.②The basic farmland loss within the urban boundary was more serious than that outside the urban circle,especially for urban-rural construction occupation.③The protective duty of basic farmland among counties was unbalanced,and there was a mismatched allocation between protective duties and abilities.Based on these,this paper proposed the corresponding countermeasures to enhance the protection effect.The measures included conducting farmer compensation for the opportunity loss of farmland protection,linking county-level protection tasks with its construction land quota,coordinating basic farmland-ecology-town spatial layout and implementing dynamic monitoring mechanisms within the urban boundary.