2018年中国居民归因于吸烟的脑卒中死亡分析

The analysis of stroke death attributed to smoking in 2018 of China

目的了解中国居民2018年脑卒中归因于吸烟的死亡情况,为进一步采取控烟措施提供科学依据。方法利用2013年中国慢性病及其危险因素监测数据和2018年死因监测数据,计算2013年吸烟流行率和吸烟量、戒烟年数等吸烟暴露水平以及2018年我国脑卒中死亡情况,使用2017年全球疾病负担研究(GBD 2017)的最新吸烟归因疾病负担的测算方法,计算我国吸烟导致脑卒中的人群归因分值(PAF),以及吸烟导致的脑卒中死亡情况。应用SAS 9.4对数据进行统计分析。结果2013年中国30岁及以上人群总体现在吸烟率为28.4%,其中男性为53.4%,女性为2.7%。30岁及以上人群戒烟率为5.8%,其中男性为10.9%,女性为0.6%。农村吸烟率(29.2%)和戒烟率(5.9%)均高于城市(分别为26.8%、5.7%)。脑卒中死亡率总体上随着年龄的增加而上升,并且男性各年龄组死亡率均高于女性。2018年中国30岁及以上人群归因于吸烟的脑卒中死亡人数为39.0万人,其中男性死亡人数为34.4万人,远高于女性死亡人数(4.6万人)。30岁及以上人群的PAF为21.8%,男性为34.1%,高于女性(5.9%)。吸烟归因脑卒中死亡率随年龄增加而上升。男性各年龄组的PAF均高于女性。结论我国男性人群吸烟率远高于女性。吸烟导致脑卒中的死亡水平较高,亟须采取更加严格的控烟措施,降低脑卒中等疾病的疾病负担。

Objective To understand the stroke death prevalence attributed to smoking in China during 2018,and to provide the scientific evidence for taking measures of tobacco control.Methods The monitoring data of chronic diseases and risk factors of China in 2013,and the monitoring data of death causes in 2018 were used to calculate the smoking exposure level(such as smoking rate,smoking amount and quitting tobacco years)in 2013,and the stroke death prevalence in 2018.The new calculation method of disease burden attributed to smoking from Global Burden of Disease in 2017(GBD 2017)was used to calculate the population attributable fraction(PAF)of stoke attributed to smoking in China,and the stoke death condition attributed to smoking.The software SAS 9.4 was used to analyze the data.Results In 2013,the smoking rate in whole residents(≥30 years old)was 28.4%(males:53.4%,females:2.7%).The rate of quitting tobacco in residents(≥30 years old)was 5.8%(males:10.9%;females:0.6%).The smoking rate(29.2%)and quitting tobacco rate(5.9%)in rural areas were higher than those in urban areas(26.8%and 5.7%,respectively).The mortality of stroke increased with age,and the mortalities of all age groups in males were higher than those in females.In 2018,the stroke death number attributed to smoking was 3.90000 persons,the stroke death number(344000 persons)attributed to smoking in males was higher than that(46000 persons)in females.PAF in residents(≥30 years old)was21.8%(males:34.1%,females:5.9%).The stroke mortality attributed to smoking increased with age.PAFs of all age groups in males were higher than those in females.Conclusion The smoking rate of males is much higher than that of females in China.The stroke death level attributed to smoking is higher,more stringent tobacco control measures should be taken to reduce the disease burden of stroke.