新型冠状病毒肺炎与流行性感冒中医治疗异同体会

Similarities and Differences Between Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment of Corona Virus Disease 2019 and Influenza

新型冠状病毒肺炎与流行性感冒(简称流感)同是急性呼吸道传染病,多发生于冬春季节,会在一定范围内引起暴发和流行,多见于婴幼儿、老年人和原有慢性心肺疾病的病人,主要传染源是病人通过飞沫和密切接触传染,部分可发展至重症肺炎,少数重症病例病情进展快,危及生命,但二者病原体、传染源、传播途径及感染部位、毒力表现各异。中医对于二者的命名、病因病机及辨证治疗方面亦各有异同。中医命名方面,二者同属于中医之"瘟疫"的范畴,流行性感冒又称为"时行感冒",新型冠状病毒肺炎又称为"湿毒疫"。病因病机及治疗方面,流行性感冒以风寒、风热犯肺多见,亦可见少阳及阳明合并证,早期亦可夹湿化热,出现湿热病症,同新型冠状病毒肺炎难以鉴别;新型冠状病毒肺炎以湿为主,可见湿热犯肺、湿热壅肺,二者后期均可见热毒袭肺、气营两燔等危重病例,恢复期均可见正气不足,肺脾两虚及气阴两虚症状,治疗上当辨病辨证、辨体质、辨分期而治,方可起到良好效果。本文结合我省气候特点,通过总结新型冠状病毒肺炎与流行性感冒的中医治疗异同点,以期更好地指导临床,进一步提高新型冠状病毒肺炎的治愈率。

Corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)and influenzaare both acute respiratory infectious diseases.They occur in the winter and springand can cause outbreaks and epidemics in a certain range.They are more common in infants,children,the elderly and those who have the original chronic heart and lung diseases.The main source of infection is the patients’infection through droplets and close contact,and some can develop into severe pneumonia.A few severe cases have rapid disease progression and are life-threatening.However,the pathogens,sources of infection,transmission routes,infection sitesand virulence manifestations of the two are different.There are also differences and similarities in the naming,etiologyand pathological treatment of the two in traditional Chinese medicine.In terms of naming,both belong to the category of"plague"in traditional Chinese medicine.Influenza is also called"current cold",and COVID-19 is also called"damp epidemics."In terms of etiology,pathogenesisand treatment,wind-cold syndrome and wind-heat syndrome of influenza are more commonand the combined syndrome of Shaoyang and Yangming can also be seen.Fever due to damp can also be caught in the early stage,and heat-damp symptom can occur,which is difficult to distinguish from COVID-19.COVID-19 is mainly due to damp,and there are damp-heat invading lung syndrome and damp-heat accumulating in lung.Both can have critical cases such as heat attacking lungand heat in Qi-Ying phases.In the recovery period,lack of righteousness,deficiency oflung and spleen,and Qi and Yin deficiency can be seen.The two deficiency symptoms can be treated effectively by distinguishing the diseases and syndromes,identifying the physiqueand treating by stages.Based on the climate characteristics of our province,this article summarized the similarities and differences between traditional Chinese medicine treatment of COVID-19 and influenza to better guide the clinic and further improve the cure rate of COVID-19.