基于文献回顾探讨中医药对新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下人群心理问题的干预

To Explore the Intervention of Chinese Medicine on Psychological Problems in Patients with 2019 Novel Corona Virus Based on Literature Review

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情严峻,不只是对人们的躯体造成伤害,同时对不同人群的心理产生伤害,国家卫健委及各省市级单位高度重视疫情之下的各类心理问题。通过文献回顾发现新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下,各类人群包括确诊人群、疑似人群、密切接触隔离人群、一线医务工作者、老年人、青少年儿童及孕产妇等,均会不同程度产生各类心理问题,总结发现各类人群面对如此严峻疫情多会产生不同程度焦虑、悲伤、恐惧等心理问题,西医在治疗方面多以心理干预技术为主,包括认知行为疗法,支持性心理治疗、认知治疗、放松训练等;另外重度心理疾病患者还需接受药物治疗,如草酸艾司西酞普兰、阿普唑仑等药物,但西医药物治疗人群选择存在一定局限性,比如儿童、孕产妇等利用率及依从率相对较差,存在一定副作用。然而中医药在治疗心理疾病方面有着上千年坚实理论基础及临床经验,中医将心理问题归于郁病范畴,结合中医五行理论、脏腑理论、经络理论等,选用中药方剂、针灸、拔罐、五音等各类中医疗法治疗心理疾病均有良好效果,中医疗法简便易操作,无明显副作用,人群使用率及接受率高,因此,通过文献回顾探讨中医药对新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情造成的心理问题的干预,以期为疫情导致的各类心理问题提供更广泛的解决途径。

2019 novel corona virus is severe,not only causing injury to people’s body,but also causing psychological injury to different groups of people.The National Health and Health Commission and provincial and municipal units attach great importance to all kinds of psychological problems under the epidemic situation.Through literature review,we found that under the new type of coronavirus pneumonia,all kinds of people,including the confirmed population,suspected population,close contact with isolated population,first-line medical workers,the elderly,adolescents,children and pregnant women,will produce various psychological problems in different degrees.In addition,patients with severe mental illness also need to receive drug treatment,such as oxaloacetamol,apazolam and other drugs,but the choice of western medicine drug treatment population has some limitations,such as children,pregnant women and other utilization and compliance rate is relatively poor,there are some side effects.However,Chinese medicine has a solid theoretical basis and clinical experience in the treatment of psychological diseases for thousands of years.Chinese medicine has put psychological problems into the category of depression,combined with Chinese medicine five elements theory,viscera theory,meridian theory and so on.Traditional Chinese medicine prescription,acupuncture,cupping,Wuyin and other kinds of traditional Chinese medicine therapy have good effect in the treatment of psychological diseases,Chinese medicine therapy is simple and easy to operate,no obvious side effects,population use rate and high acceptance rate.Therefore,the intervention of traditional Chinese medicine on the psychological problems caused by the new coronavirus pneumonia epidemic situation is discussed through literature review,in order to provide a wider solution to the psychological problems caused by the epidemic situation.