基于风险评估的供水管网水质监测点优化模型研究

Water Quality Monitoring Points Optimization Model for Water Supply Network Based on Risk Assessment

供水管网内源污染和外源污染协同监测下的水质监测点优化选址一直是供水领域的研究难点。为进一步提升监测点选址的科学合理性,采用模糊数学集法分析管网区域污染物、管道完整度以及管网低负压情况,量化确定管网的风险评估指数。将基于风险评估的节点监测用时期望值纳入监测点优化选址模型,结合监测失效率、水量覆盖度和监测点占比这3个优化目标,完善选址优化体系并建立多目标优化选址模型。使用MATLAB软件搭载基于参考向量的非支配排序多目标遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅲ)成功求解该多目标优化模型,得到帕累托(Pareto)前沿解集。最后,基于Modena算例管网进行研究,与传统复合监测目标优化模型选取的选址方案进行对比发现,基于风险评估的供水管网优化选址模型选取的方案能有效降低监测用时,提高了监测效率。

The optimization of water quality monitoring point selection under coordinated monitoring of internal and external pollution in water supply networks has always been a difficult problem in the field of water supply.In order to further improve the scientific rationality of the site selection,pollutants distribution in the pipeline network,integrity of the pipeline and low negative pressure of the pipeline network were analyzed by using fuzzy mathematics method,and risk assessment index of the pipeline network was quantified.Expectation value of node monitoring time based on risk assessment was incorporated into the monitoring point optimization location model.Combined with three optimization objectives of monitoring failure rate,water coverage and monitoring point ratio,the site optimization system was improved and a multi-objective optimization location model was established.Using MATLAB software to carry on the non-dominated sorting multi-objective genetic algorithm based on reference vector(NSGA-Ⅲ),the multi-objective optimization model was successfully solved to obtain the Pareto frontiersolution set.Finally,comparison with the site scheme selected by the traditional compound monitoring target optimization model and based on the Modena example pipeline network research,it was found that the scheme selected by the water supply network optimization location model based on risk assessment could effectively reduce the monitoring time and improve the monitoring efficiency.