上海市星级宾馆用水定额制订研究

Formulation of Water Consumption Quota for Star-rated Hotels in Shanghai

星级宾馆是现代城市公共用水的主要用户,用水总量大,用水环节多,不同星级用水量层次差距明显,与顾客用水行为关系紧密,存在一定浪费现象。在节水优先,实行非居民用户超定额累进加价制度的情况下,有必要针对宾馆行业制订体现上海城市特点和不同星级要求的,具有科学性、先进性和实用性的用水定额标准。根据国家技术导则相关要求,通过大样本实地调查、典型性分析、水平衡测试分析,参考国内外相关用水标准,综合拟定了上海市五星级、四星级、三星级和二星级及以下的宾馆用水通用定额值分别为1100、832、480、365 L/(床·d),先进定额值分别为1017、746、256、106 L/(床·d),并提出了相关修订建议。

Star-rated hotels are the main users of public water consumption in modern cities.The total amount of water consumption is large,and there are many water-usage links.The water consumption of different star-rated hotels is obviously different,which is closely related to customers’water usage behavior,and there is a certain water-wasting phenomenon.In the case of water-saving priority and implementation of progressive over-quota pricing system for non-resident users,it is necessary for the hotel industry to formulate scientific,advanced and practical water quota standards that reflect the characteristics of Shanghai and different star-rated requirements.In accordance with relevant requirements of national technical guidelines,quotas of five-star,four-star,three-star,two-star and below hotels in Shanghai were drafted through large sample field surveys,typical analysis,water balance test analysis and referencing to relevant domestic and international water consumption standards,which were 1100,832,480 and 365 L/(bed·d)for general quotas,and 1017,746,256 and 106 L/(bed·d)for advanced quotas.Finally,related amendments were proposed.