性别差异对精神药物作用影响的研究进展

Research progress on the influence of sex differences on the action of psychotropic drugs

流行病学调查显示精神障碍的患病率、发病率和症状表现等受到性别因素的影响。临床应用中男女患者对精神药物的反应有所不同,以至于有研究反映抑郁症患者中存在性别特定的精神药物使用模式。本文对精神药物因男女生理差异所致药代动力学性别差异进行总结,同时整理了目前临床主流精神药物的药效学相关研究,其中特别关注性激素对精神药物治疗反应的影响。本文对治疗药物监测在临床处理精神药物性别差异反应时的具体作用与必要性进行探讨,以期为个体化合理用药提供参考。

Epidemiological survey shows that the prevalence,incidence rate and symptoms of mental disorders are affected by sex.A large number of studies have shown that men and women respond differently to psychotropic drugs in clinical application.Moreover,some studies have shown that there are sex specific psychotropic drug use patterns in patients with depression.This paper summarizes the sex differences in pharmacokinetics of psychotropic drugs caused by physiological differences between men and women,and collates the current pharmacodynamic studies of mainstream clinical psychotropic drugs,with special attention to the effect of sex hormones on the therapeutic response of psychotropic drugs.This paper discusses the specific role and necessity of therapeutic drug monitoring in dealing with clinical sex differences in psychotropic drugs,hoping to provide reference for individual rational drug use.