镇江英国领事馆馆舍数量及重建史实考述

Research on the Number of British Consulate Buildings in Zhenjiang and the Historical Facts of Their Reconstruction

镇江英国领事馆馆舍的数量问题在20世纪80年代即已存在争议。21世纪初,杨瑞彬先生在多方面查证的基础上提出了正确的观点。今根据1916年的英国驻镇江领事馆总平面图等英方资料可以进一步确定,今镇江英国领事馆建筑群的5幢建筑中仅有两幢属于领事馆的馆舍,即今镇江博物馆称为3号楼和4号楼的建筑。而今镇江博物馆所称的1、2、5号楼应为美国南浸信会的财产。它们不属于领事馆的范围,亦在英租界范围之外。3号楼为领事官邸,4号楼为警官宿舍及监狱。此两幢建筑的前身在1889年2月的"火烧洋楼"事件中被焚毁。现存的两幢建筑于1890年重建。重建图纸由大英工部总署第三任主管马歇尔设计。重建经费来源于清政府的赔偿,英国政府向清政府索赔16000英镑,其中4000英镑用于领事馆的重建。

The number of British Consulate buildings in Zhenjiang has been a controversial issue since the 1980 s. Mr. Yang Ruibin put forward correct views in early 21 st century on the basis of various investigations. According to the site plan of 1916 of H.B.M.Consulate in Chinkiang, it can be confirmed that only two buildings in the British Consulate complex of Zhenjiang belong to the consulate’s premises, which are now called Building No.3 and Building No.4 at Zhenjiang Museum. Building No.1, Building No.2 and Building No.5, as now named by Zhenjiang Museum, should have been the property of the Southern Baptist Convention. They were not within the scope of the consulate and were also outside the British Concession. The Consular residence was Building No.3 and the constables’ quarters and the gaol were in Building No.4. The predecessors of the two buildings had been burned in February 1889 in the "Burning of Foreign Buildings". Two extant buildings were rebuilt in 1890. The reconstruction drawings were designed by Marshall, the third director of the H.B.M.Office of Works. The reconstruction funds came from the compensation of the Qing government. The British government claimed ￡16,000 in compensation from the Qing government, of which ￡4,000 was spent on the rebuilding of the consulate.