竞争性地区主义与亚洲合作的现状及未来

Rival Regionalism and the Status and Future of Asian Cooperation

2008年世界金融危机之后,竞争性地区主义的兴起成为亚洲合作中的一个非常值得注意的现象。不过,竞争性地区主义对于亚洲来说并非一个新事物,而是长期孕育在本地区合作的历史进程中。伴随着特朗普的上台和中美竞争的加剧,亚洲竞争性地区主义出现了新的变化趋向:以经济为出发点的合作导向逐渐让位于安全,国际制度日益成为大国权力博弈的工具,制度竞争的内容也从表面的规范之争迈向背后的理念价值之争。这种变化对中美关系发展、地区中小国家的战略选择、东盟在地区合作中的主导地位以及亚洲合作的前景都造成了不小的冲击。为了防止亚洲竞争性地区主义的发展滑向恶性竞争,包括中美在内的泛亚各国,应努力促使"印太战略"和"一带一路"倡议两大机制之间形成某种程度的兼容共存,避免两者成为完全对抗的国际机制,并在部分特定领域共同为亚洲各国提供必要的公共产品。

After the 2008 global financial crisis,the rise of rival regionalism has become a very noteworthy phenomenon in Asian cooperation.However,rival regionalism is not a new thing for Asia,but has been nurtured in the historical process of regional cooperation. Accompanied with the taking-office of Trump and the intensification of competition between China and America,the Asian rival regionalism appeared new tendencies :First,the logic of cooperation shifts from economy to security;Second,the international system has served as a tool for supremacy among great powers;Third,the content of the institutional competition shifts from rule contests to value disputes. These changes have brought a great impact on the development of China-US relations,the strategic choice of small and medium-sized countries,the leading role of ASEAN in regional cooperation,and the prospects of Asian cooperation. In order to prevent the Asian rival regionalism from slipping into malignant competition,Pan-Asian countries,including the United States and China,should promote the coexistence between "Indo-pacific Strategy" and the "Belt and Road" initiative,so that the two mechanisms can avoid complete confrontation and jointly provide public goods for Asian countries in certain areas.