面向航天器分离的高速索力传递特性

Transfer characteristics of high-speed cable forces for spacecraft separation

在航天器分离的地面模拟试验中,其受力状态的准确施加是试验的关键环节。该文基于航天器主动式分离试验方案,研究了航天器在高速分离过程中的绳索索力传递问题。首先通过Newton运动定律推导了绳索提升系统的动力学模型;然后引入测试函数,使用空间离散的方法对二阶偏微分方程求解,得到绳索在运动过程中的受力关系,并探索其对绳索索力的影响因素;最后通过数值仿真及实例进行验证。结果表明:该模型能够准确模拟绳索受力状态,对航天器主动式高速分离试验具有指导性意义。

Ground simulation tests of spacecraft separation require accurate force predictions as the key link in the tests. This study analyzed the cable force transfer during high-speed spacecraft separation tests. A dynamic model of the cable hoist system was developed based on Newton’s laws. The second-order partial differential equation for the test function was then solved using spatial discretization. The solution predicted the force on the rope as it moved to study the factors influencing the force. The model accuracy was verified by numerical examples. The results show that the model can accurately simulate the force on the rope for high-speed spacecraft separation tests.