食欲素在酒精依赖及复发中的研究进展

Research progress of orexin in alcohol dependence and relapse

酒精依赖是长期过度饮酒导致中枢神经系统紊乱的一种慢性、复发性脑疾病,该疾病已给全球造成了巨大的社会和经济负担。但目前为止,酒精依赖形成的机制仍不明确,且缺乏相对有效的治疗手段,戒酒后的高复发率严重影响着酒依赖患者的身心健康。近年来研究发现,由下丘脑产生的食欲素除了参与调节机体的食物摄入、睡眠-觉醒和能量平衡外,在物质成瘾过程中也发挥重要作用。现已有研究发现食欲素在可卡因、尼古丁和吗啡等物质成瘾中的作用,本文主要对食欲素在酒精依赖及复发中的作用做一综述,为临床酒精依赖治疗提供新的思路。

Alcohol dependence is a chronic, recurrent brain disease caused by chronic and excessive alcohol consumption, which has caused a huge social and economic burden globally. However, the mechanism of alcohol dependence is still unclear, and relatively effective treatments are not available. The high recurrence rate after alcohol withdrawal seriously affects the physical and mental health of alcohol dependence patients. In recent years, studies found that orexin produced by the hypothalamus not only participates in regulating feeding behavior, sleep-wake cycles and energy homeostasis, but also plays a highly part in drug addiction. Studies have indicated the role of orexin in cocaine, nicotine and morphine addiction. This review mainly summarizes the role of orexin in alcohol dependence and relapse, and provides new ideas for clinical treatment of alcohol dependence.