酒依赖患者的冲动特质和心理渴求研究进展

Research progress on impulsive trait and psychological craving of alcohol dependent patients

目的:分析总结对酒依赖患者冲动特质和心理渴求的认识,以及所包含的内容及特点。方法:对近20年与酒依赖患者冲动特质和心理渴求相关的文章进行概括和总结。结果:酒依赖患者有其特有的冲动特质和心理渴求特征和意义,冲动性特质高的酒依赖患者,表现出了更差的抑制控制能力,而每个酒依赖患者对酒会表现出不同的心理渴求程度。结论:不管是冲动特质还是心理渴求,在酒依赖的形成、发展和复饮的发生中都有着明确的影响,对这两方面的内容进行神经影像学、遗传学及分子生物学方面更为深入的研究,探讨冲动与渴求相关的脑区、神经递质和基因方面的相互关系与影响,将会更为客观地评价这些指标,得到更为准准确的结果,为酒依赖的预防和治疗提供更多的信息。

Objective: To analyze and summarize the understanding of impulsive characteristics and psychological craving of patients with alcohol dependence,as well as the content and characteristics contained.Methods: In this paper,we summarize the articles related to impulsive trait and psychological craving of alcohol dependence patients in the past 20 years.Results: Alcohol dependence patients have their own characteristics of impulse and psychological craving characteristics and significance. Alcohol dependence patients with high impulsivity showed worse inhibition and control ability. Each patient with alcohol dependence showed different psychological craving for alcohol.Conclusion: Both impulsive traits and psychological craving have a clear impact on the formation,development and relapse of alcohol dependence. More in-depth studies of these two aspects will provide more objective evaluation indicators and results,and provide more information for the prevention and treatment of alcohol dependence.