新冠肺炎疫情下饮酒者饮酒渴望及饮酒量增加的相关因素调查

The related factors of increased drinking desire and alcohol consumption among drinkers during the COVID-19 epidemic

目的:了解饮酒者在新冠肺炎疫情背景下饮酒渴望及每周饮酒量增加状况及相关因素。方法:2020年2月16日至22日,通过网络调查问卷的形式开展横断面调查研究。采用自编调查问卷评估饮酒者每周饮酒量增加状况及失眠症状,采用酒精使用障碍筛查量表(Alcohol Use disorders Identification Test, AUDIT)评估近一年的饮酒状况,采用视觉模拟标尺(Visual Analog Scale, VAS)评估疫情发生前后的饮酒渴望及焦虑、抑郁程度。对饮酒渴望及每周饮酒量增加的相关因素进行单因素及多因素分析。结果:41.9%的饮酒者饮酒渴望增加;单因素分析显示,在业及无业较上学的饮酒者饮酒渴望增加的风险更高(P=0.009);多因素分析显示,工作(OR=3.225,95%CI:1.364~7.624)及无业(OR=4.780,95%CI:1.575~14.510)为饮酒渴望增加的相关因素。22.5%的饮酒者每周饮酒量增加;单因素分析显示,高中及以下学历(OR=2.240,95%CI:1.172~4.280)、无业(P=0.047)、焦虑评分≥50分(OR=2.245,95%CI:1.191~4.234)、有失眠症状(OR=1.813,95%CI:1.030~3.192)的饮酒者每周饮酒量增加的风险更高;多因素分析显示,高中及以下学历(OR=2.235,95%CI:1.161~4.303)、焦虑评分≥50分(OR=2.240,95%CI:1.180~4.255)为每周饮酒量增加的相关因素。结论:新冠肺炎疫情背景下,超过五分之二的饮酒者饮酒渴望增加,在业及无业为饮酒渴望增加的相关因素;超过五分之一的饮酒者每周饮酒量增加,较低学历及较高焦虑水平为每周饮酒量增加的相关因素。

Objective:To learn about the increased status and related factors of drinking desire and weekly alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 epidemic among drinkers. Methods:From February 16th to February 22nd, 2020, the cross-sectional study was conducted by means of the online questionnaire, the self-compiled questionnaire was adopted to evaluate increased weekly alcohol consumption status and insomnia symptoms, the alcohol use disorders identification test(AUDIT) was adopted to evaluate drinking status in the past year, and the visual analog scale(VAS) adopted to evaluate the drinking desire, anxiety and depression before and after the COVID-19 outbreak. χ2 test or Fisher′s exact test was used for the univariate analysis, and Logistic regression analysis was used for the multivariate analysis. OR and 95% confidence interval(CI) were calculated in univariate and multivariate analysis. Results:41.9% of drinkers had increased drinking desire after the COVID-19 outbreak. Univariate analysis showed that the risk of increased drinking desire was higher in the working and unemployed groups than the school group(P = 0.009). Multivariate analysis showed that working(OR=3.225, 95%CI: 1.364-7.624) and unemployment(OR=4.780, 95%CI: 1.575-14.510) were the related factors for increased drinking desire. 22.5% of drinkers increased their weekly alcohol consumption after the COVID-19 outbreak. Univariate analysis showed that drinkers with the educational level of senior high school or below(OR=2.240, 95% CI: 1.172-4.280), unemployed status(P = 0.047), anxiety score of VAS≥ 50(OR=2.245, 95% CI: 1.191-4.234), and insomnia symptoms(OR=1.813, 95% CI: 1.030-3.192) had higher risks of increased weekly alcohol consumption. Multivariate analysis showed that the educational level of senior high school or below(OR=2.235, 95% CI: 1.161-4.303), anxiety score of VAS≥ 50(OR=2.240, 95% CI: 1.180-4.255) were the related factors for increased weekly alcohol consumption. Conclusion:More than two fifths of drinkers reported increased drinking desire during the COVID-19 epidemic. Working and unemployment were the related factors for increased drinking desire. More than one fifth of drinkers reported increased weekly alcohol consumption. Lower educational level and higher level of anxiety were related factors of increased weekly alcohol consumption.