《法国商法典》2000年修订的差异化特征及其再发展述评

Comment on the Differentiation Characteristics and Redevelopment of"French Commercial Code"in 2000

与1807年《法国商法典》相比,2000年《法国商法典》立足法国商事活动的发展变化而不断丰富实践,充分汲取两百余年的实践经验,已经形成一套体例完备、原则清晰、运作规范的法律体系,成为欧洲民商立法的典范。立法者在该法的概念界定、适应场域等方面几经思考沉淀,在立法原则方面,该部法典也是历经商主体主义到商行为主义再到折中主义的不断演进。但是由于时代更迭的现实需要,20年来,《法国商法典》的再发展与最新修订与时俱进、效果明显。本文尝试通过对比1807年和2000年《法国商法典》,评述2000年《法国商法典》的特点,并对2000年以来的再发展特征加以描述性解释,介绍其最新成果,以期为中国民商事立法提供有益的“法国经验”。

Compared with the French Commercial Code in 1807,the French Commercial Code in 2000 has continuously enriched practices based on the development and changes of French commercial activities.It has fully absorbed more than two hundred years of practical experience and has formed a complete set of systems.The legal system with clear principles and standardized operation has become a model of European civil and commercial legislation.Legislators have been thinking about the definition of the law and adapting to the field.In terms of legislative principles,the code has also experienced continuous evolution from business subjectism to business behaviorism to eclecticism.However,due to the actual needs of the changing times,the redevelopment and the latest revision of the French Commercial Code have kept pace with the times in the past 20 years,and the effect has been obvious.This article attempts to compare the French Commercial Code of 1807 with that of 2000,comment on the characteristics of the French Commercial Code of 2000,and provide a descriptive explanation of the characteristics of redevelopment since 2000,and introduce its latest achievements,with a view to serving as a Chinese civil and commercial Legislation provides a useful"French experience".