液压凿装机掘进臂扒岩载荷分析及结构优化

Load Analysis and Structure Optimization of Rock Scraping Operation of Driving Arm of Hydraulic Excavating Machine

为改善液压凿装机掘进臂结构性能、减轻结构质量,依据经验法确定了扒岩作业工作载荷。应用Creo软件建立掘进臂整体三维模型,导入ADAMS软件中进行动力学仿真,获取结构各铰点所受载荷。应用ANSYS软件对掘进臂的大臂、小臂进行有限元分析,结果表明结构存在较大应力集中,整体刚度较大。以减轻结构质量为目标,结构强度为约束条件,应用变密度法分别对大臂、小臂结构进行拓扑优化,优化后的大臂、小臂分别减重10%、7%,最大应力分别降低38%、17%,结构的安全系数分别由1.5提高到1.82和2.01。满足了工作要求,实现了结构轻量化,可为实际的工程应用提供参考。

In order to improve the structural performance and reduce the structural quality of the driving arm of the hydraulic excavating machine,the working load of rock scraping was determined according to the empirical method. The Creo software was used to establish the overall 3 D model of the driving arm, and imported into the ADAMS software to carry out the dynamic simulation, so as to obtain the load on each hinge point of the structure. By using ANSYS software,the finite element analysis was carried out on the upper and lower arms of the driving arm. The results show that the structure had a large stress concentration and a large overall stiffness. Taking reducing structure mass as the goal, structure strength as constraint condition, by using variable density method, respectively carried out the upper and lower arms structure topology optimization. The optimized upper and lower arm weight respectively reduced 10% and 7%,maximum stress reduced by 38% and 17% respectively,the safety factor of the structure increased from 1.5 to 1.82 and 2.01 respectively. Meet the job requirements,realize the lightweight structure, provide a reference for practical engineering application.