采煤机长螺杆振动测试分析及优化

Vibration Test Analysis and Optimization of Shearer Long Screw

针对多种型号采煤机长螺杆在生产实践中出现断裂失效的现象,分析了滚筒式采煤机长螺杆工作原理及故障特征,指出长螺杆的振动是造成长螺杆断裂的主要原因。为探究长螺杆的振动特性,采用某型号坚固型动态测振仪对不同加载、杆长、固定位置的长螺杆进行振动测试,分析得出长螺杆的振动特性曲线。根据实际工况中采空侧长螺杆较采煤侧长螺杆易于断裂失效的现象,得出提高长螺杆的低阶固有频率有利于提高长螺杆工作过程中的可靠性。提出优化措施,为预防长螺杆的断裂失效提供理论指导。

In view of the fracture failure phenomenon of the long screw of various types of shearer in production practice,analyzed the working principle and fault characteristics of the long screw of drum shearer, and point out that the vibration of the long screw is the main reason for the fracture of the long screw. In order to explore the vibration characteristics of long screw,used a type of solid dynamic vibration meter to test the vibration of long screw with different loading,rod length and fixed position,and analyzed to obtain the vibration characteristic curve of long screw. According to the phenomenon that in the actual working condition the long screw at the goaf side is easy fracture failure than that at the coal mining side, it is concluded that increasing the low order natural frequency of the long screw is conducive to improving the reliability of the long screw in the working process. The optimization measures were proposed to provide theoretical guidance for preventing the fracture failure of the long screw.