长江航业联合办事处与京沪汉物资西迁(1937-1940)

The Joint Office of Yangtze River Shipping Industry and the Westward Transference of Materials in Beijing,Shanghai and Wuhan(1937-1940)

全面抗战爆发后,为了组织南京、上海等地区物资西迁,交通部航政局责成招商局、民生、三北等轮船公司成立长江航业联合办事处,专门负责办理军民运输事宜。长江航业联合办事处先后组织沪镇联运和汉渝间分段联运来保证京沪汉地区物资顺利西迁,为支撑持久抗战做出了重要贡献。由于组织仓促、信息沟通不畅、日机空袭等原因,长江航业联合办事处在组织物资西迁过程中也存在诸多问题,甚至一度被撤销。但其所建立的分段联运和多部门协调机制,对抗战时期的物资运输发挥了积极作用。

After the outbreak of the total war of resistance against Japan,to organize the westward transference of materials in Nanjing,Shanghai etc.,the Shipping Bureau of the Ministry of Communications instructed China Merchants,Minsheng,Sanbei and other shipping companies to set up a joint office of Yangtze River Shipping Industry in charge of the military and civilian transportation matters.The Joint Office organized successively the combined Shanghai-Zhenjiang transport and the segmented transport between Wuhan and Chongqing to ensure the smooth westward transference of materials from the regions of Nanjing,Shanghai and Wuhan,which played an important role in supporting the protracted war of resistance.Due to the hasty organization,Japanese air raids and ineffective communication,there were a lot of problems in the process of organizing the westward transference of materials,and the Joint Office was even revoked for a while.However,the segmented combined transport and the multi-sectors'coordination mechanism established by the Joint Office has certain significance for the transportation of materials during the War of Resistance against Japan.